This page contains all the resources – like programming languages, libraries, online resources – which we used to build DeVoteD.
Online Resources
V-Dem Dataset: Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David
Altman, Fabio Angiolillo, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Linnea Fox, Lisa
Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Ana Good God, Sandra Grahn, Allen Hicken, Ka
trin Kinzelbach, Joshua Krusell, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj
Medzihorsky, Natalia Natsika, Anja Neundorf, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Johannes von
R¨omer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundstr¨om,
Marcus Tannenberg, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Felix Wiebrecht, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson
and Daniel Ziblatt. 2025. ”V-Dem [Country-Year/Country-Date] Dataset v15” Varieties of
Democracy (V-Dem) Project. https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds25.
Pemstein, Daniel, Kyle L. Marquardt, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Juraj Medzihorsky, Joshua
Krusell, Farhad Miri, and Johannes von R¨omer. 2025. “The V-Dem Measurement Model: La
tent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data”. V-Dem
Working Paper No. 21. 10th edition. University of Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy Insti
tute.
Party Facts: Bederke, Paul; Döring, Holger; Regel, Sven, 2023, "Party Facts – Version 2023", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/TJINLQ, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:WobavCRL6t8D7BIHsELRCw== [fileUNF]
IDEA Voter Turnout Database: we couldn't any citation guidance for the dataset so we will write a citation in a general form:
International IDEA. 2025. Voter Turnout Database. Stockholm: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Available at: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/voter-turnout
Manifesto Project: ehmann, Pola / Franzmann, Simon / Al-Gaddooa, Denise / Burst, Tobias / Ivanusch, Christoph / Regel, Sven / Riethmüller, Felicia / Volkens, Andrea / Weßels, Bernhard / Zehnter, Lisa (2024): The Manifesto Data Collection. Manifesto Project (MRG/CMP/MARPOR). Version 2024a. Berlin: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) / Göttingen: Institut für Demokratieforschung (IfDem). https://doi.org/10.25522/manifesto.mpds.2024a
Technology
KNIME - KNIME Analytics Platform is free and open source, which ensures users remain on the bleeding edge of data science, 300+ connectors to data sources, and integrations to all popular machine learning libraries. We used it to handle the datasets and perform data analysis.
Python - Python, mainly used for rdf data serialization using RDFLib.
JavaScript - Thanks to the JavaScript Libraries Chart.js and D3.js we could create interactive and dynamic visualisations of our data.
Leaflet - Leaflet is the leading open-source JavaScript library for mobile-friendly interactive maps.
GeoJSON - The format for encoding a variety of geographic data structures. It provides online tools to edit your code and build your map.